§° §º§Ñ§ß§ç§Ñ§Ö
§¥§à§ã§ä§à§á§â§Ú§Þ§Ö§é§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §º§Ñ§ß§ç§Ñ§ñ
§°§Ü§â§Ö§ã§ä§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §º§Ñ§ß§ç§Ñ§ñ
§±§â§à§Ó§Ú§ß§è§Ú§ñ §¹§Ø§ï§è§Ù§ñ§ß
§±§â§à§Ó§Ú§ß§è§Ú§ñ §¸§Ù§ñ§ß§ã§å
 
 
 
§±§â§à§Ó§Ú§ß§è§Ú§ñ §¡§ß§î§ç§à§Û
§±§â§à§Ó§Ú§ß§è§Ú§ñ §·§Ñ§Û§ß§Ñ§ß§î
    §¤§Ý§Ñ§Ó§ß§Ñ§ñ >  §¢§Ú§Ù§ß§Ö§ã §á§à§Ö§Ù§Õ§Ü§Ú > §±§â§à§Ó§Ú§ß§è§Ú§ñ §¸§Ù§ñ§ß§ã§å > §¤§à§â§à§Õ §³§å§é§Ø§à§å

 

§³§å§é§Ø§à§å

 

§³§å§é§Ø§à§å §â§Ñ§ã§á§à§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß §à§Ü§à§Ý§à §å§ã§ä§î§ñ §Á§ß§è§Ù§í, §Ó 100 §Ü§Þ §à§ä §º§Ñ§ß§ç§Ñ§ñ. §°§ß §ã§Ý§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§ã§ñ §â§à§ã§Ü§à§ê§ß§í§Þ§Ú §ã§Ñ§Õ§Ñ§Þ§Ú §Ú §á§â§Ö§Ü§â§Ñ§ã§ß§í§Þ§Ú §á§Ö§Û§Ù§Ñ§Ø§Ñ§Þ§Ú. §¯§Ñ §á§Ý§à§ë§Ñ§Õ§Ú §Ó 5838 §Ü§Ó. §Ü§Þ §á§â§à§Ø§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ö§ä 6.35 §Þ§Ý§ß. §é§Ö§Ý§à§Ó§Ö§Ü.

 

§°§Õ§ß§Ú§Þ §Ú§Ù §Õ§â§Ö§Ó§ß§Ö§Û§ê§Ú§ç §Ü§Ú§ä§Ñ§Û§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §â§Ö§Þ§Ö§ã§Ö§Ý §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §Ó§í§ê§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö. §´§Ö§ç§ß§Ú§Ü§Ú §Ó§í§ê§Ú§Ó§Ü§Ú §Ò§í§Ó§Ñ§ð§ä §â§Ñ§Ù§ß§í§Ö §Ó §â§Ñ§Ù§Ý§Ú§é§ß§í§ç §â§Ñ§Û§à§ß§Ñ§ç §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§í. §³§å§é§Ø§à§å ¨C §à§Õ§Ú§ß §Ú§Ù 4-§ç §Ó§Ñ§Ø§ß§Ö§Û§ê§Ú§ç §è§Ö§ß§ä§â§à§Ó §á§â§à§Ú§Ù§Ó§à§Õ§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Ó§í§ê§Ú§Ó§Ü§Ú §Ó §¬§Ú§ä§Ñ§Ö (§ä§â§Ú §Õ§â§å§Ô§Ú§Ö¨C §Ó §·§å§ß§Ñ§ß§Ú, §¤§å§Ñ§ß§Õ§å§ß§Ö §Ú §³§í§é§å§Ñ§ß§Ú). §³§å§é§Ø§à§å§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ §Ó§í§ê§Ú§Ó§Ü§Ñ §à§ä§Ý§Ú§é§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §á§Ý§à§ã§Ü§à§ã§ä§î§ð §á§à§Ó§Ö§â§ç§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú, §Ñ§Ü§Ü§å§â§Ñ§ä§ß§í§Þ§Ú §Ü§â§Ñ§ñ§Þ§Ú, §Ú§Ù§í§ã§Ü§Ñ§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§î§ð. §£ §â§Ñ§Û§à§ß§Ñ§ç §³§å§é§Ø§à§å,  §á§â§à§Ø§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ö§ä §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö 100 000 §Ó§í§ê§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ý§î§ë§Ú§è. §¯§Ñ §Ó§í§ê§Ú§Ó§Ü§Ö §à§Ò§í§é§ß§à §Ú§Ù§à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ø§Ñ§ð§ä §Ù§à§Ý§à§ä§í§Ö §â§í§Ò§Ü§Ú §Ú §Ü§à§ä§ñ§ä. §³§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§å§Ö§ä 48 §ä§Ö§ç§ß§Ú§Ü §Ó§í§ê§Ú§Ó§Ü§Ú, §Ú§ã§á§à§Ý§î§Ù§å§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §à§Ü§à§Ý§à 5000 §â§Ñ§Ù§Ý§Ú§é§ß§í§ç §à§ä§ä§Ö§ß§Ü§à§Ó. §¢§à§Ý§î§ê§Ö§Û §á§à§á§å§Ý§ñ§â§ß§à§ã§ä§î§ð §á§à§Ý§î§Ù§å§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §Õ§Ó§å§ç§ã§ä§à§â§à§ß§ß§ñ§ñ §Ó§í§ê§Ú§Ó§Ü§Ñ.

 

§³ §Ô§à§â§à§Õ§à§Þ §ã§Ó§ñ§Ù§Ñ§ß§à §Þ§ß§à§Ø§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§à §Ü§â§Ñ§ã§Ú§Ó§í§ç §Ú §Ù§ß§Ñ§Þ§Ö§ß§Ú§ä§í§ç §Ý§Ö§Ô§Ö§ß§Õ. §¬§Ý§Ñ§ã§ã§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §ã§Ñ§Õ§í, §ä§â§Ñ§Õ§Ú§è§Ú§à§ß§ß§í§Ö §Õ§à§Þ§Ñ §Ú §Ú§Ù§ñ§ë§ß§í§Ö §Þ§à§ã§ä§í, §á§â§Ö§Ü§â§Ñ§ã§ß§í§Ö §à§Ù§Ö§â§Ñ §Ó §à§Ü§â§å§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §Ù§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§í§ç §ç§à§Ý§Þ§à§Ó §ã§ä§Ñ§Ý§Ú §Ó§Ú§Ù§Ú§ä§ß§à§Û §Ü§Ñ§â§ä§à§é§Ü§à§Û §³§å§é§Ø§à§å.

 

§¤§­§¡§£§¯§½§¦ §¥§°§³§´§°§±§²§ª§®§¦§¹§¡§´§¦§­§¾§¯§°§³§´§ª

§´§Ú§Ô§â§Ú§ß§í§Û §ç§à§Ý§Þ

 

§·§à§Ý§Þ §â§Ñ§ã§á§à§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß §Ó §ã§Ö§Ó§Ö§â§à-§Ù§Ñ§á§Ñ§Õ§ß§à§Û §é§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú §³§å§é§Ø§à§å. §£ §á§Ö§â§Ú§à§Õ §£§Ö§ã§ß§Ñ §Ú §°§ã§Ö§ß§î( 772 -481 §Õ§à §ß.§ï) §ï§ä§à§ä §ß§Ñ§ã§í§á§ß§à§Û §ç§à§Ý§Þ §Ò§í§Ý §á§Ñ§â§Ü§à§Þ , §Ó §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Þ §à§ä§Õ§í§ç§Ñ§Ý §Ú §â§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ý§Ö§Ü§Ñ§Ý§ã§ñ §è§Ñ§â§î §Õ§Ú§ß§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú§Ú §µ. §¦§Ô§à §ã§í§ß, §è§Ñ§â§î §¶§å§Ü§Ñ§Û, §á§à§ç§à§â§à§ß§Ú§Ý §à§ä§è§Ñ §á§à§Õ §Ò§Ñ§ã§ã§Ö§Û§ß§à§Þ §®§Ö§é§Ñ, §Ú, §Ü§Ñ§Ü §Ô§Ý§Ñ§ã§Ú§ä §Ý§Ö§Ô§Ö§ß§Õ§Ñ, §é§Ö§â§Ö§Ù §ä§â§Ú §Õ§ß§ñ §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö §á§à§Ô§â§Ö§Ò§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ß§Ñ §Þ§à§Ô§Ú§Ý§Ö §è§Ñ§â§ñ §á§à§ñ§Ó§Ú§Ý§ã§ñ §Ò§Ö§Ý§í§Û §ä§Ú§Ô§â §Ú §ã§ä§Ñ§Ý §Ö§Ö §à§ç§â§Ñ§ß§ñ§ä§î. §¯§Ñ §ç§à§Ý§Þ§Ö §ã§à§ç§â§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ý§à§ã§î §Þ§ß§à§Ø§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§à §Ù§Ñ§Þ§Ö§é§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§í§ç §ã§ä§â§à§Ö§ß§Ú§Û. §³§â§Ö§Õ§Ú §ß§Ú§ç §á§Ñ§Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §ç§â§Ñ§Þ§Ñ §À§ß§î§ñ§ß§î, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§Ñ§ñ §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §ã§Ú§Þ§Ó§à§Ý§à§Þ §ã§à§Ó§â§Ö§Þ§Ö§ß§ß§à§Ô§à §³§å§é§Ø§à§å.

 

 

§³§Ñ§Õ  §³§Ü§â§à§Þ§ß§à§Ô§à §¹§Ú§ß§à§Ó§ß§Ú§Ü§Ñ ¨C §µ§ã§Ñ§Õ§î§Ò§Ñ §¹§Ø§à§é§Ø§Ö§ß§î§ð§Ñ§ß§î

 

§³§Ñ§Þ§í§Û §Ú§Ù§Ó§Ö§ã§ä§ß§í§Û §ã§Ñ§Õ §Ó §ß§Ú§Ø§ß§Ö§Þ §ä§Ö§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §â§Ö§Ü§Ú §Á§ß§è§Ù§í, §à§Õ§Ú§ß §Ú§Ù 4-§ç §Ü§Ý§Ñ§ã§ã§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §ã§Ñ§Õ§à§Ó. §£§à §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§ñ §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Þ§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §Ú§Þ§á§Ö§â§Ñ§ä§à§â§Ñ §¸§Ù§ñ§è§Ù§Ú§ß§Ñ (1522-1566) §Ù§Õ§Ö§ã§î §â§Ñ§ã§á§à§Ý§Ñ§Ô§Ñ§Ý§ã§ñ §Ú§Þ§á§Ö§â§Ñ§ä§à§â§ã§Ü§Ú§Û §á§à§ã§Ý§Ñ§ß§ß§Ú§Ü. §°§ß §Ó§í§Ü§å§á§Ú§Ý §ç§â§Ñ§Þ §Ú §á§â§Ö§Ó§â§Ñ§ä§Ú§Ý §Ö§Ô§à §Ó §ã§Ñ§Õ. §´§Ö§â§Þ§Ú§ß "§ã§Ü§â§à§Þ§ß§í§Û §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î" §Ó§Ù§ñ§ä §Ú§Ù §Ü§Ý§Ñ§ã§ã§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §á§â§à§Ú§Ù§Ó§Ö§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ, §Ó §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Þ §â§Ö§é§î §Ú§Õ§Ö§ä §à §á§Ö§â§ã§à§ß§Ñ§Ø§Ö, §Õ§Ý§ñ §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Ô§à §Ö§Ô§à §ã§Ñ§Õ - §ï§ä§à §Ó§ã§Ö.

 

 

§³§Ñ§Õ  §µ§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ ¨C §µ§ã§Ñ§Õ§î§Ò§Ñ §­§ð§ð§Ñ§ß§î

 

§¿§ä§à §à§Õ§Ú§ß §Ú§Ù §ã§Ñ§Þ§í§ç §Ú§Ù§Ó§Ö§ã§ä§ß§í§ç §ã§Ñ§Õ§à§Ó §Ó §³§å§é§Ø§à§å. §¿§ä§à§ä §ã§Ñ§Õ§à§Ó§à-§á§Ñ§â§Ü§à§Ó§í§Û §Ñ§ß§ã§Ñ§Þ§Ò§Ý§î §ß§Ñ§â§ñ§Õ§å §ã §á§Ñ§â§Ü§à§Þ §¹§Ø§à§é§Ø§ï§ß§ì§ð§Ñ§ß§î, §á§Ñ§â§Ü§à§Þ §ª§ç§ï§ð§Ñ§ß§î §Ó §±§Ö§Ü§Ú§ß§Ö §Ú §Ý§Ö§ä§ß§Ö§Û §Ú§Þ§á§Ö§â§Ñ§ä§à§â§ã§Ü§à§Û §â§Ö§Ù§Ú§Õ§Ö§ß§è§Ú§Ö§Û §¢§Ú§ê§å§ê§Ñ§ß§î§é§Ø§å§Ñ§ß §Ó §Ô. §¹§ï§ß§Õ§ï (§á§â§à§Ó. §·§ï§Ò§ï§Û) §ß§Ñ§Ù§í§Ó§Ñ§ð§ä «§é§Ö§ä§í§â§î§Þ§ñ §Ù§ß§Ñ§Þ§Ö§ß§Ú§ä§í§Þ§Ú §á§Ñ§â§Ü§Ñ§Þ§Ú §¬§Ú§ä§Ñ§ñ». §±§Ý§à§ë§Ñ§Õ§î §ã§Ñ§Õ§Ñ 3.3 §Ô§Ñ. §à§ß §Ò§í§Ý §á§à§ã§ä§â§à§Ö§ß §Ó 1460 §Ô§à§Õ§å §á§â§Ú §Õ§Ú§ß§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú§Ú §®§Ú§ß, §ã§à§ã§ä§à§Ú§ä §Ú§Ù 4 §é§Ñ§ã§ä§Ö§Û.  §£ §ã§Ñ§Õ§å §ß§Ñ§ç§à§Õ§Ú§ä§ã§ñ §Ü§â§å§á§ß§Ö§Û§ê§Ú§Û §Ü§Ñ§Þ§Ö§ß§î §ß§Ñ §ð§Ô§Ö §¬§Ú§ä§Ñ§ñ.

 

 

§³§Ñ§Õ §®§Ñ§ã§ä§Ö§â§Ñ §ã§Ö§ä§Ö§Û -  §µ§ã§Ñ§Õ§î§Ò§í §£§Ñ§ß§ê§Ú§ð§Ñ§ß§î

 

§¿§ä§à §ã§Ñ§Þ§í§Û §Þ§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ß§î§Ü§Ú§Û §ã§Ñ§Õ §Ó §³§å§é§Ø§à§å (§á§Ý§à§ë§Ñ§Õ§î§ð 0,5 §Ô§Ñ), §ß§à §ß§Ö§Ò§à§Ý§î§ê§à§Û §â§Ñ§Ù§Þ§Ö§â §Ü§à§Þ§á§Ö§ß§ã§Ú§â§å§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §Ú§Ù§ñ§ë§ß§à§Û §á§Ý§Ñ§ß§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ü§à§Û, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§Ñ§ñ §ã§ä§Ñ§Ý§Ñ §à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§è§à§Ó§à§Û §Õ§Ý§ñ §Þ§ß§à§Ô§Ú§ç §Õ§â§å§Ô§Ú§ç §Ü§Ú§ä§Ñ§Û§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §ã§Ñ§Õ§à§Ó. §¹§Ñ§ã§ä§î §ï§ä§à§Ô§à §ã§Ñ§Õ§Ñ §Ò§í§Ý§Ñ §Ó§í§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ñ §Ó §Þ§å§Ù§Ö§Ö §®§Ö§ä§â§à§á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ö§ß §Ó §¯§î§ð-§«§à§â§Ü§Ö.

 

 

§³§Ñ§Õ §¬§Ñ§Þ§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §­§î§Ó§à§Ó

 

§³§Ñ§Õ §¬§Ñ§Þ§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §­§î§Ó§à§Ó§Ó§ç§à§Õ§Ú§ä §Ó §é§Ö§ä§Ó§Ö§â§Ü§å §Ù§ß§Ñ§Þ§Ö§ß§Ú§ä§Ö§Û§ê§Ú§ç §ã§Ñ§Õ§à§Ó §³§å§é§Ø§à§å. §°§ß §Ò§í§Ý §á§à§ã§ä§â§à§Ö§ß §Ó 1342 §Ô§à§Õ§å §á§â§Ú §Õ§Ú§ß§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú§Ú §À§Ñ§ß§î, §ã§Ñ§Õ §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §Ó§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ü§à§Ý§Ö§á§ß§í§Þ §à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§è§à§Þ §ã§à§é§Ö§ä§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ø§Ú§Ó§à§Û §Ú §Ú§ã§Ü§å§ã§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§ß§à§Û §á§â§Ú§â§à§Õ§í.

 

 

§±§Ñ§Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §³§Ö§Ó§Ö§â§ß§à§Ô§à §ç§â§Ñ§Þ§Ñ (§¢§ï§Û§ã§í §´§Ñ)

 

§±§Ñ§Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §¢§ï§Û§ã§í §´§Ñ - §ã§Ñ§Þ§Ñ§ñ §Ü§â§å§á§ß§Ñ§ñ §á§Ñ§Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §Ó §³§å§é§Ø§à§å, §à§ß§Ñ §Ú §á§Ñ§Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §À§ß§î§ñ§ß§î§ã§í§ä§Ñ §Ó §·§å§è§ð §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§ð§ä§ã§ñ §ã§Ú§Þ§Ó§à§Ý§Ñ§Þ§Ú §Ô§à§â§à§Õ§Ñ §³§å§é§Ø§à§å. §£§í§ã§à§ä§Ñ §á§Ñ§Ô§à§Õ§í §¢§ï§Û§ã§í§ä§Ñ 76 §Þ§Ö§ä§â§à§Ó, §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §á§Ñ§Ô§à§Õ§í §Ù§Ñ§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§Ö§ä 870 §Ü§Ó.§Þ. §¯§Ñ §ä§Ö§â§â§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§Ú §á§Ñ§Ô§à§Õ§í §á§à §à§Ò§Ö§Ú§Þ §ã§ä§à§â§à§ß§Ñ§Þ §Ó§à§Ù§Ó§Ö§Õ§Ö§ß§í §ã§ä§Ö§ß§í §Ó §Ó§Ú§Õ§Ö §Ò§Ñ§Ò§à§é§Ö§Ü, §Ó§à§Ü§â§å§Ô §á§Ñ§Ô§à§Õ§í §â§Ñ§ã§ä§å§ä §Õ§â§Ö§Ó§ß§Ú§Ö §ã§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§Ý§à§Ó§í§Ö §Õ§Ö§â§Ö§Ó§î§ñ, §Ñ §Ó§ã§ñ §ä§Ö§â§â§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§ñ §à§Ò§ß§Ö§ã§Ö§ß§Ñ §ß§Ú§Ù§Ü§à§Û §à§Ô§â§Ñ§Õ§à§Û.

 

 

§·§â§Ñ§Þ §ç§Ñ§ß§î§ê§Ñ§ß§î

 

§·§â§Ñ§Þ §·§Ñ§ß§î§ê§Ñ§ß§î - §ï§ä§à §à§Õ§ß§Ñ §Ú§Ù §Ò§å§Õ§Õ§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §ã§Ó§ñ§ä§í§ß§î, §ß§Ñ§ã§é§Ú§ä§í§Ó§Ñ§ð§ë§Ñ§ñ §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §é§Ö§Þ 1400-§Ý§Ö§ä§ß§ð§ð §Ú§ã§ä§à§â§Ú§ð. §±§â§à§Ô§å§Ý§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ñ§ã§î §á§à §ç§â§Ñ§Þ§å §·§Ñ§ß§î§ê§Ñ§ß§î§ã§í, §Ó§í §Þ§à§Ø§Ö§ä§Ö §à§ë§å§ä§Ú§ä§î §ß§Ñ§ã§í§ë§Ö§ß§ß§å§ð §Õ§å§ç§à§Ó§ß§å§ð §Ú §Ü§å§Ý§î§ä§å§â§ß§å§ð §Ñ§ä§Þ§à§ã§æ§Ö§â§å. 

 

§®§à§ß§Ñ§ã§ä§í§â§î ¨C §á§à§á§å§Ý§ñ§â§ß§à§Ö §Þ§Ö§ã§ä§à §á§â§Ñ§Ù§Õ§ß§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ü§Ú§ä§Ñ§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §¯§à§Ó§à§Ô§à §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ. §¯§Ñ §ä§Ö§â§â§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§Ú §ç§â§Ñ§Þ§Ñ §Ú§Þ§Ö§ð§ä§ã§ñ §Ü§à§Ý§à§Ü§à§Ý§î§ß§Ñ§ñ §Ú §Ò§Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§Ñ§ß§ß§Ñ§ñ §Ò§Ñ§ê§ß§Ú. §³§â§Ö§Õ§Ú §Þ§Ö§ã§ä§ß§í§ç §Ø§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û §Ú §á§à §ã§Ö§Û §Õ§Ö§ß§î §â§Ñ§ã§á§â§à§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ö§ß §ä§â§Ñ§Õ§Ú§è§Ú§à§ß§ß§í§Û §à§Ò§í§é§Ñ§Û, §ã§Ý§å§ê§Ñ§ä§î §Ù§Ó§à§ß §Ü§à§Ý§à§Ü§à§Ý§Ñ §Ó §á§à§Ý§ß§à§é§î §¯§à§Ó§à§Ô§à §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §Ó §ç§â§Ñ§Þ§Ö §·§Ñ§ß§î§ê§Ñ§ß§î§ã§í, §á§à §á§à§Ó§Ö§â§î§ñ§Þ, §ï§ä§à §á§à§Þ§à§Ô§Ñ§Ö§ä §å§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §ß§Ö§á§â§Ú§ñ§ä§ß§à§ã§ä§Ö§Û §Ú §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §á§à§ã§å§Ý§à§Þ §ã§é§Ñ§ã§ä§î§ñ §Ú §Ò§Ý§Ñ§Ô§à§á§à§Ý§å§é§Ú§ñ §Ó §Ò§å§Õ§å§ë§Ö§Þ, §Ó §Ü§à§Ý§à§Ü§à§Ý §å§Õ§Ñ§â§ñ§ð§ä 108 §â§Ñ§Ù.

 
§¯§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§Õ
 
 
| | | | | |

§£§Ñ§Ø§ß§Ñ§ñ §Ú§ß§æ§à§â§Þ§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ

Copyright 2009 §£§ã§Ö §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ñ §Ù§Ñ§ë§Ú§ë§Ö§ß§í. »¦ICP±¸10000308ºÅ
§²§Ñ§Ù§â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§Ü§Ñ §ã§Ñ§Û§ä§à§Ó ¨C ChinaInfo